Impressionism - II
Jacques Joseph Tissot
1836 – 1902
Jacques Joseph Tissot (15 October 1836 – 8 August 1902), better known as James Tissot (/ˈtɪsoʊ/), was a French painter, illustrator, and caricaturist. He was born to a drapery merchant and a milliner and decided to pursue a career in art at a young age, coming to incorporate elements of realism, early Impressionism, and academic art into his work. He is best known for a variety of genre paintings of contemporary European high society produced during the peak of his career, which focused on the people and women's fashion of the Belle Époque and Victorian England, but he would also explore many medieval, biblical, and Japoniste subjects throughout his life. His career included work as a caricaturist for Vanity Fair under the pseudonym of Coïdé.
Tissot served in the Franco-Prussian War on the side of France and later the Paris Commune. In 1871 he moved to London, where he found further success as an artist and began a relationship with Irishwoman Kathleen Newton, who lived with him as a close companion and muse until her death in 1882. Tissot maintained close relations with the Impressionist movement for much of his life, including James Abbott Whistler and friend and protégé Edgar Degas. He was awarded the French Legion of Honor in 1894.
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Self Portrait
1865
Un Dejeuner
c. 1868
Adam and Eve Driven From Paradise
1896 and 1902
The Ark Passes Over the Jordan
1896 and 1902
La Japonaise au bain
1864
Young Ladies Looking at Japanese Objects
1869
La partie carrée
1870
Young Lady in a Boat
1870
A Passing Storm
1876
The Garden Bench
1882
A Woman of Ambition
1885
Claude Monet
1840 - 1926
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Oscar-Claude Monet (14 November 1840 – 5 December 1926) was a French painter and founder of impressionism painting who is seen as a key precursor to modernism, especially in his attempts to paint nature as he perceived it. During his long career, he was the most consistent and prolific practitioner of impressionism's philosophy of expressing one's perceptions of nature, especially as applied to plein air (outdoor) landscape painting.[2] The term "impressionism" is derived from the title of his painting Impression, soleil levant, which was first exhibited in the so-called "exhibition of rejects" of 1874–an exhibition initiated by Monet and like-minded artists as an alternative to the Salon.
Monet was raised in Le Havre, Normandy, and became interested in the outdoors and drawing from an early age. Although his mother, Louise-Justine Aubrée Monet, supported his ambitions to be a painter, his father, Claude-Adolphe, disapproved and wanted him to pursue a career in business. He was very close to his mother, but she died in January 1857 when he was sixteen years old, and he was sent to live with his childless, widowed but wealthy aunt, Marie-Jeanne Lecadre. He went on to study at the Académie Suisse, and under the academic history painter Charles Gleyre, where he was a classmate of Auguste Renoir. His early works include landscapes, seascapes, and portraits, but attracted little attention. A key early influence was Eugène Boudin who introduced him to the concept of plein air painting. From 1883, Monet lived in Giverny, also in northern France, where he purchased a house and property and began a vast landscaping project, including a water-lily pond.
Monet's ambition to document the French countryside led to a method of painting the same scene many times so as to capture the changing of light and the passing of the seasons. Among the best-known examples are his series of haystacks (1890–1891), paintings of Rouen Cathedral (1892–1894), and the paintings of water lilies in his garden in Giverny that occupied him continuously for the last 20 years of his life.
Frequently exhibited and successful during his lifetime, Monet's fame and popularity soared in the second half of the 20th century when he became one of the world's most famous painters and a source of inspiration for a burgeoning group of artists.
Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Portrait of the Painter Claude Monet
1875
Mouth of the Seine at Honfleur
1865
Mouth of the Seine at Honfleur
1865
Women in the Garden
1866–1867
Woman in the Garden,
1867
Garden at Sainte-Adresse ("Jardin à Sainte-Adresse")
1867
On the Bank of the Seine, Bennecourt
1868
The Luncheon
1868
La Grenouillére
1869
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Springtime
1872
Camille Monet on a Garden Bench
1873
The Artist's House at Argenteuil
1873
Coquelicots, La promenade (Poppies)
1873
Argenteuil
1874
Woman with a Parasol - Madame Monet and Her Son
1875
Madame Monet in a Japanese Kimono
1876
Vétheuil in the Fog
1879
Grow Your Vision
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Vetheuil in Summer
1880
Sunset
1880
The Artist's Garden at Vetheuil
1880
Haystack At Giverny
1886
Study of a Figure Outdoors: Woman with a Parasol
1886
Grow Your Vision
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Rouen Cathedral at sunset
1893
Rouen Cathedral, Morning Light
1894
RouenCathedral
1894
Charing Cross Bridge
1899
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Charing Cross Bridge, London
1899
The Houses of Parliament, London
1900–01
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Water Lilies and the Japanese Bridge
1897–1899
The Water Lilies – Setting Sun
1920–26
Water Lilies
1919
Monet painted the bigger works of his Water Lily series in a large studio at his home in Giverny, France
Le Bassin Aux Nymphéas
1919
Waterlilies
1916-19
Waterlilies
1916-19
Waterlilies
1916-19
Waterlilies
Monet in his garden at Giverny, c. 1917
Water Lilies
1906
La Gare Saint-Lazare
1877
The Houses of Parliament, London
1900
London, Houses of Parliament. The Sun Shining through the Fog
1904
San Giorgio Maggiore at Dusk
1908
Water Lilies
1920
Pierre-Auguste Renoir
1841–1919
Pierre-Auguste Renoir (b Limoges, 25 Feb 1841; d Cagnes-sur-Mer, 3 Dec 1919).
Pierre Auguste Renoir was a French artist, and was a leading painter of the Impressionist style. As a young boy, he worked in a porcelain factory. His drawing skills were early recognized, and he was soon employed to create designs on the fine china. He also painted decorations on fans before beginning art school . He moved to Paris in 1862 to study art, where he met Frederic Bazille, Claude Monet, and Alfred Sisley, all great impressionist painters. By 1864, he was exhibiting works at the Paris Salon, but his works went largely unnoticed for the next ten years, mostly in part to the disorder caused by the Franco-Prussian War.
Later, during the Paris Commune on 1871, Renoir was painting on the banks of the Seine River, when he was approached by a number of members from the commune, who thought he was a spy. They threatened to throw in into the rive, but he was saved by the leader of the commune, Raoul Rigault, whom he had protected on an earlier occasion. He experienced his first artistic success in 1874, at the first Impressionist Exhibition, and later in London of the same year. In 1881, Renoir began his world travels, voyaging to Italy to see the works of the Renaissance masters, and later to Algeria, following in the footsteps of Eugene Delacroix. It was in Algeria where he encountered a serious bout with pneumonia, leaving him bed ridden for six weeks, and permanently damaging his respiratory system.
In the later years of his life, not even severe rheumatoid arthritis, which left him confined to a wheelchair and limited his movement, could deter Renoir from painting. His arthritis eventually got so bad as to leave a permanent physical deformity of his hands and shoulder, which required him to change his painting technique to adapt to his physical limitations. Before his death in 1919, Renoir traveled to the Louvre to see his paintings hanging in the museum alongside the masterpieces of the great masters. He was a prolific artist, created several thousands artworks in his lifetime, and include some of the most well-known paintings in the art world.
Self-Portrait - Pierre-Auguste Renoir
1919
In Summer
1866
Diana 1866 painting by Pierre-Auguste Renoir.
A Nymph by a Stream
1869
La Grenouillere
1869
Claude Monet Painting in His Garden at Argenteuil
1873
La Parisienne
1874
A Girl with a Watering Can
1876
Mujer desnuda sentada (Torso de Anna)
1876
Portrait of Jeanne Samary
1877
Mme. Charpentier and her children
1878
By the Water
1880
Sleeping Girl with a Cat
1880
Pink and Blue showing Alice and Elisabeth Cahen d'Anvers
1881
Dance at Bougival
1882–1883
Dance in the Country (Aline Charigot and Paul Lhote)
1883
Dance in the City
1883
Girl Braiding Her Hair (Suzanne Valadon)
1885
The Large Bathers
1887
Julie Manet with cat
1887
After The Bath
1888
A Box at the Theater (At the Concert)
1880
The Swing (La Balançoire)
1876
Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette (Bal du moulin de la Galette)
1876
Two Sisters (On the Terrace)
1881
La Loge (The Theatre Box)
1874
Girls at the Piano
1892
Bather arranging her Hair
1893
Bather with Long Hair
1895
Three Bathers
1895
THE GREAT BATHERS
1918
RENOIR AND MODELS
Renoir celebrated not only natural female beauty but also a woman’s attire and the way in which the line of a dress or shape of a hat could flatter her appearance. Friends and mistresses would pose for him as a favor, but he also hired models in Montmartre. Among those who appear in Renoir’s work numerous times in the late 1870s and early 1880s were three actresses—Ellen Andrée, Angèle, Suzanne Valadon,Henriette Henriot and Jeanne Samary.
Angèle may have modeled for the woman in the lower right corner of Renoir’s Luncheon of the Boating Party. Her name was associated with the painting as early as 1891. It is possible, however, since the woman in the painting also resembles Ellen Andrée, that Andrée and Angèle modeled interchangeably as Renoir worked on his grand composition.
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Ellen Andrée (born Hélène Marie André; 7 March 1856 – 9 December 1933) was a French model for Édouard Manet, Edgar Degas and Pierre-Auguste Renoir and other impressionists, in the 1870s.
Lise Tréhot (14 March 1848 – 12 March 1922) was a French art model who posed for artist Pierre-Auguste Renoir from 1866 until 1872, during his early Salon period. She appeared in more than twenty paintings, including notable works such as Lise with a Parasol (1867) and In Summer (1868), and she was the model for almost all of Renoir's work featuring female figures at this time.
Jeanne Samary (4 March 1857 as Léontine Pauline Jeanne Samary in Neuilly-sur-Seine – 18 September 1890 in Paris) was a French actress at the Comédie-Française and a model for Auguste Renoir, including for Renoir's 1881 painting, Luncheon of the Boating Party.
Suzanne Valadon (23 September 1865 – 7 April 1938) was a French painter.
She was a model for many renowned artists. Among them, Valadon appeared in such paintings as Dance at Bougival (1883) and Dance in the City by Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1883), and Suzanne Valadon (1885) by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec.
Henriette Henriot (born Marie Henriette Alphonsine Grossin; 14 November 1857 – 17 March 1944) was an actress and a favourite model of the French artist Renoir. She is known for the model in his painting La Parisienne on display at the National Museum, Cardiff.
Pierre Auguste Renoir, in the garden at Les Collettes, with members of his wife (Aline Victorine Charigot), and model Gabrielle Renard.
Aline Victorine Charigot (23 May 1859 – 27 June 1915) was a model for Auguste Renoir and later became his wife while continuing to model for him and then caring for him when he became disabled. She is pictured in many of his paintings over very many years, most famously in the early 1880s Luncheon of the Boating Party (where she is the woman on the left with the little dog), and Blonde Bather. They had three children together, two of whom, Pierre and Jean, went on to have distinguished careers in film, and the third, Claude, became a ceramic artist. Pierre had a son Claude who became the well-known cinematographer. She predeceased her elderly husband.
Gabrielle Renard (August 1, 1878 – February 26, 1959) was a French woman who became an important member of the family of the painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir, first becoming their nanny, and subsequently a frequent model for the artist. The bond she developed with the Renoirs' second son, the future filmmaker Jean Renoir, lasted throughout their lives. Upon her marriage in 1921, she became Gabrielle Renard-Slade.During the final years of Pierre-Auguste Renoir's life he suffered from severe rheumatoid arthritis, but continued to paint with her help. When the family moved to a farm at Cagnes-sur-Mer near the Mediterranean coast, seeking a better climate for Renoir's arthritis, Gabrielle moved with them. While he worked in the studio at "Les Collettes," Gabrielle would place the paint brush between his crippled fingers.
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Renoir presents his family in the garden of their residence in Paris. At center Renoir's wife, Aline Charigot Renoir, wears a colorful hat and blouse. Renoir's oldest son, Pierre, holds his mother's arm while Jean, the artist's second son, toddles in the foreground; Jean is gently supported by Gabrielle Renard, the family's nursemaid and one of Renoir's favorite models. The girl is probably a neighbor or friend. Renoir kept this painting his whole life.
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Frederic Bazille
1841–1870
Jean Frédéric Bazille (December 6, 1841 – November 28, 1870) was a French Impressionist painter. Many of Bazille's major works are examples of figure painting in which he placed the subject figure within a landscape painted en plein air.
Frédéric Bazille was a French painter involved in the development of Impressionism. Despite his short career, the artist made a number of works which helped lay the foundations of the movement. “The tall fellow Bazille has done something I find quite fine: a young girl in a very light dress in the shadow of a tree beyond which one sees a town,” the painter Berthe Morisot once said of his work The Pink Dress (1864). Born on December 5, 1841 in Montpellier, France to a wealthy Protestant family, he travelled to Paris for a career in medicine in 1862. Interested in art since his youth, while studying for medical school in the city he enrolled in the atelier of the Charles Gleyre. In Gleyre’s studio he befriended the young Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, and Alfred Sisley. Together with his peers, Bazille began painting en plein air as well as producing larger paintings in his studio. By the mid-1860s, the artist had already made a number of successful paintings and with the help of his father’s wealth, supporting his financially struggling friends. In a fateful choice, Bazille enlisted in the French military at the outset of the Franco-Prussian War, while many of his friends fled to avoid conscription. Tragically, the artist died in combat on November 28, 1870 in Beaune-la-Rolande, France at only 28 years old. The first Impressionist exhibition did not take place until 1874, none of Bazille’s paintings were included in the show. Today, the artist’s works are held in the collections of the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., the Musée d’Orsay in Paris, and the Art Institute of Chicago.
Self-portrait
1865–1866
Girl in a Pink Dress
1864
Portrait of Auguste Renoir
1867
Family Gathering
1867
View of the Village
1868
Bathers (Summer Scene)
1869
After the Bath
1870
The Artist's Studio
1870
Reclining Nude
1864
La Toilette
1870
Black Woman with Peonies
1870